

In recent years, nanotechnology has received much attention in regenerative medicine, partly owing to the production of nanoscale structures that mimic the collagen fibrils of the native extracellular matrix. Electrospinning is a widely used technique to produce micro-nanofibers due its versatility, low cost and easy use that has been assuming an increasingly prominent position in the tissue engineering field. Electrospun systems have been especially investigated for wound dressings in skin regeneration given the intrinsic suitability of fibrous structures for that purpose. Several efforts have been made to combine distinct design strategies, synthetic and/or natural materials, fiber orientations and incorporation of substances (e.g. drugs, peptides, growth factors or other biomolecules) to develop an optimized electrospun wound dressing mimicking the native skin. This paper presents a comprehensive review on current and advanced electrospinning strategies for skin regeneration. Recent advances have been mainly focused on the materials used rather than on sophisticated fabrication strategies to generate biomimetic and complex constructs that resemble the mechanical and structural properties of the skin. The technological limitations of conventional strategies, such as random, aligned and core-shell technologies, and their poor mimicking of the native tissue are discussed. Advanced strategies, such as hybrid structures, cell and in situ electrospinning, are highlighted in the way they may contribute to circumvent the limitations of conventional strategies, through the combination of different technologies and approaches. The main research challenges and future trends of electrospinning for skin regeneration are discussed in the light of in vitro but mainly in vivo evidence. © 2016
| Engineering controlled terms: | Biomimetic materialsBiomimeticsCost engineeringNanofibersNanotechnologyPolymersSkinSpinning (fibers)TissueTissue engineering |
|---|---|
| Engineering uncontrolled terms | Core-shell technologiesElectrospun nanofibersFabrication strategiesNanoscale structureNative extracellular matrixRegenerative medicineTechnological limitationsWound healing |
| Engineering main heading: | Electrospinning |
| Funding sponsor | Funding number | Acronym |
|---|---|---|
| Fundação Portugal Telecom | ||
| POCI,2020 | ||
| Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia See opportunities | ||
| European Regional Development Fund | ||
| NORTE 2020 |
This work was financed by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI), Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, and by Portuguese funds through Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the project Ref. PTDC/BBB-ECT/2145/2014. Juliana Dias is also grateful to FCT for the doctoral grant SFRH/BD/91104/2012 . Juliana R. Dias is currently Ph.D. candidate on Biomedical Sciences at the i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Portugal. Her main research focus is on hierarchical electrospun nanostructures for skin regeneration. Her main interests focus is on biomaterials, biofabrication, electrospinning and tissue engineering. Pedro L. Granja is presently Scientific Coordinator of Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), group Leader at Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S, University of Porto-UP), Associate Professor at Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS, UP) and Invited Auxiliary Professor at Faculty of Engineering of UP (FEUP). He is also Editor-in-Chief of the Biomaterials Network (Biomat.net), and Editor-in-Chief of the recently launched journal Biomatter. Paulo J. Bártolo is Chair Professor in Advanced Manufacturing at the School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Director of the Manchester Biomanufacturing Centre, Principal Investigator at the Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester (UK). He is further Visiting Professor at the Nanyang University (Singapore) and fellow of the International Academy of Production Engineering. He is also Editor-in-Chief of both Virtual and Physical Prototyping Journal and biomanufacturing Reviews.
Dias, J.R.; Biomaterials for Multistage Drug & Cell Delivery Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, Porto, Portugal;
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