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This paper analyzes the state of training of highly qualified personnel in graduate school in the conditions of change of it's place in the system of Russian education. The purpose of the article is to identify the problem of incomplete reformation of post-graduate studies in the new educational model. Research methods are associated with the consideration of legal documents regulating the activities of modern graduate school, comparative analysis of scientific approaches to the definition of the purpose and content of postgraduate training. The article reveals the content of the concept of "postgraduate crisis", it's causes. The author analyzes the debatable issues discussed in the scientific environment related to the search for a new understanding of the purpose of modern postgraduate education as the third stage of higher education, the definition of it's main functions. The main approaches to determining the purpose of postgraduate study are considered. Requirements to the structure and content of the educational program of postgraduate study are analyzed. The urgency of development of various models of realization of training of highly qualified personnel is shown. The study actualized the need to develop an educational program of postgraduate studies, adequate to the new conditions of it's work and taking into account the goals and needs of all participants in this process, implemented at the junction of education, science and business. © Perspektivy Nauki i Obrazovania. All rights reserved.