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We were able to identify Yersinia ruckeri in 13 cases in the course of testing more than 1000 specimens from trout ponds at different locations over the period from 1978 to 1995. The usual methods of bacterial examination (microscopic, cultural, biochemical, i. e., API 20 E, and serological) were employed. Sorbitol fermentation was used as the biochemical characteristic to differentiate between serotypes. On the basis of agglutination with anti Yersinia ruckeri serum for serotype I (HI 70) and anti Yersinia ruckeri serum for serotype II (BC74), we were able to establish the serotypic affiliation of our isolated strains. Nine of the 13 isolated strains were found to belong to serotype I (HI 70) with regard to antigen structure, while four belonged to serotype II (BC 74). Since Yersinia ruckeri occurs as several serotypes, it is important to stress the finding of class I serotypes (HI 70) under Yugoslav conditions. This highly virulent strain can be used for preparation of vaccines and it is applied in immunoprophylaxis.