

Metals are involved in the formation of reactive oxygen species and can induce oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of several metals on oxidative stress in the skin and muscle of the Pelophylax esculentus “complex” frogs (parental species Pelophylax ridibundus, Pelophylax lessonae, and their hybrid Pelophylax esculentus) that inhabit the wetland Obedska Bara in Serbia, and the potential use of these species as bioindicator organisms in biomonitoring studies. The biomarkers of oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR, GST activities and GSH, SH concentrations) and cholinesterase activity were investigated. The concentrations of nine metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, and Pb) were measured in the water and tissues. Correlations were established between metals and biomarkers in the tissues. The results of metal accumulation distinguished the skin of P. lessonae and muscle of P. ridibundus from other P. esculentus complex species. The oxidative stress biomarkers observed in P. ridibundus and P. esculentus had greater similarity than in P. lessonae. The P. lessonae displayed the highest number of correlations between biomarkers and metals. The results of tissue responses revealed that skin was more susceptible to metal-induced oxidative stress, with only exception of As. In the light of these findings, we can suggest the use of P. esculentus complex species as a biomonitoring species in studies of metal accumulation and metal-induced oxidative stress, but with special emphasis on P. lessonae. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
| EMTREE drug terms: | arsenic acidcadmiumcatalasecholinesterasechromiumcopperglutathioneglutathione peroxidaseglutathione reductaseglutathione transferaseironleadmercurymetalnickelreactive oxygen metabolitesuperoxide dismutasezincmetalwater pollutant |
|---|---|
| GEOBASE Subject Index: | antioxidantbioaccumulationbioindicatorbiomarkerbiomonitoringdefense mechanismecotoxicologyfrogoxidation |
| EMTREE medical terms: | adultanimal experimentAnuraArticlebioaccumulationbiochemical analysisbiological monitoringcontrolled studyenzyme activityfemalemalemuscleneurotoxicitynonhumanoxidative stressPelophylax esculentusPelophylax lessonaePelophylax ridibunduspriority journalSerbiaskinwetlandanalysisanimalenvironmental monitoringmetabolismoxidative stressphysiologytoxicitywater pollutant |
| Regional Index: | Serbia |
| Species Index: | AnuraPelophylax |
| MeSH: | AnimalsEnvironmental MonitoringMetalsMusclesOxidative StressRana esculentaSerbiaSkinWater Pollutants, ChemicalWetlands |
arsenic acid, 15584-04-0, 7778-39-4; cadmium, 22537-48-0, 7440-43-9; catalase, 9001-05-2; cholinesterase, 9001-08-5; chromium, 16065-83-1, 7440-47-3, 14092-98-9; copper, 15158-11-9, 7440-50-8; glutathione, 70-18-8; glutathione peroxidase, 9013-66-5; glutathione reductase, 9001-48-3; glutathione transferase, 50812-37-8; iron, 14093-02-8, 53858-86-9, 7439-89-6; lead, 7439-92-1, 13966-28-4; mercury, 14302-87-5, 7439-97-6; nickel, 7440-02-0; superoxide dismutase, 37294-21-6, 9016-01-7, 9054-89-1; zinc, 7440-66-6, 14378-32-6;
Metals; Water Pollutants, Chemical
| Funding sponsor | Funding number | Acronym |
|---|---|---|
| Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja | 173041 | MPNTR |
| Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja | MPNTR |
This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia, Grant No. 173041. The authors are grateful to Dr. Goran Poznanović for proofreading the manuscript and Tamara Petrović for help in statistical analyses. The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions that improved our work.
Prokić, M.D.; Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia;
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