Valorization of walnut shell ash as a catalyst for biodiesel production(Article)(Open Access)
- aFaculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar Oslobođenja 124, Niš, 16000, Serbia
- bInstitute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- cFaculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- dInstitute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Center for Catalysis and Chemical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
- eThe Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
Abstract
The catalytic activity of the walnut shell ash was investigated in the biodiesel production by the sunflower oil methanolysis. The catalyst was characterized by the TG-DTA, XRD, Hg porosimetry, N2 physisorption, SEM, and Hammett method. In addition, the effects of the catalyst loading and the methanol-to-oil molar ratio on the methyl esters synthesis were tested at the reaction temperature of 60 °C. The walnut shell ash provided a very fast reaction and a high FAME content (over 98%). As the reaction occurred in the absence of triacylglycerols mass transfer limitation, the pseudo-first-order model was employed for describing the kinetics of the reaction. The catalyst was successfully reused four times after the regeneration of the catalytic activity by recalcination at 800 °C. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Indexed keywords
| Engineering controlled terms: | AshesBiodieselEnzyme kineticsMass transferMolar ratioReaction kineticsShells (structures)Sunflower oil |
|---|---|
| Engineering uncontrolled terms | Biodiesel productionCatalyst loadingsMass transfer limitationMethanolysisN2 physisorptionPseudo-first-orderReaction temperatureWalnut shells |
| Engineering main heading: | Catalyst activity |
| GEOBASE Subject Index: | ashbiofuelcatalysiscatalystchemical reactiondetection methodessential oilreaction kineticsshelltemperature effect |
| Species Index: | HelianthusJuglans |
Funding details
| Funding sponsor | Funding number | Acronym |
|---|---|---|
| Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja | III 45001,45001,0-14-18 | MPNTR |
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1
The present work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological development of the Republic of Serbia , Project III 45001 . It is also a part of the Project 0-14-18 of the SASA Branch in Ni\u0161, Serbia.
- ISSN: 09601481
- Source Type: Journal
- Original language: English
- DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.056
- Document Type: Article
- Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Veljković, V.B.; Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Bulevar oslobodjenja 124, Leskovac, Serbia;
© Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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