The Measurement of Contact Angle, pH, and Conductivity of Artificial Saliva and Mouthwashes on Enamel, Glass-Ionomer, and Composite Dental Materials(Article)(Open Access)
- aDepartment of Power, Electronics and Telecommunications, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Fruškogorska, 11, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- bDepartment of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova, 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
- cInstitute BioSense, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Ðin đdića, 1, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
Abstract
The aim of this study was to tackle the topic of appropriate recommendations for artificial-saliva and mouthwash usage. The contact angle, pH, and conductivity of two artificial saliva solutions, four mouthwashes, and their mixtures on enamel, glass-ionomer, and composite dental materials were measured. The measurements were conducted with a MATLAB algorithm to minimize human error. The obtained values for the contact angle were in the range from 7.98◦ to 52.6◦, and they showed completely nonlinear and nonuniform behavior for all investigated liquids and on all investigated substrates. Results reveal statistically significant differences among all tested liquids on all investigated substrates (p < 0.05). pH values ranged from 1.54 to 7.01. A wide range of conductivity values were observed, from 1205µS/cm in the saliva-stimulating solution to 6679 mS/cm in the artificial saliva. Spearman’s test showed a moderate positive correlation between the pH and conductivity of the tested fluids (R = 0.7108). A comparison of the data obtained using Image J software and the MATLAB algorithm showed consistency, not exceeding 5% error. When an experiment uses human material and bioactive materials THAT are used in biomedicine as substrates, an additional definition of protocols is highly recommended for future research on this topic. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Indexed keywords
| Engineering controlled terms: | Contact angleDental materialsGlassIonomersMATLAB |
|---|---|
| Engineering uncontrolled terms | Artificial salivaConductivityGlass compositesGlass-ionomersHuman errorsMATLAB algorithmMeasurements ofSalivaSaliva solutionStatistically significant difference |
| Engineering main heading: | Enamels |
Funding details
| Funding sponsor | Funding number | Acronym |
|---|---|---|
| Horizon 2020 Framework Programme See opportunities by H2020 | 872370 | H2020 |
| UK Research and Innovation | 104623 | UKRI |
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Funding: This research has received funding from the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program Marie Sklodowska-Curie action under the grant agreement no. 872370.
- ISSN: 19961944
- Source Type: Journal
- Original language: English
- DOI: 10.3390/ma15134533
- Document Type: Article
- Publisher: MDPI
Qureshi, S.; Department of Power, Electronics and Telecommunications, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Fruškogorska, 11, Novi Sad, Serbia;
Petrović, B.; Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova, 3, Novi Sad, Serbia;
© Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
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