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With the rapid growth and increasing influence of new technologies and devices in sports, intelligent assessment methods, efficient planning and automatic analysis of large amounts of data have gained great importance in recent years. One of the cutting-edge technologies revolutionizing numerous industries, including the sports industry, is artificial intelligence, along with its subfields of machine learning and deep learning. Artificial intelligence can transform the way how we analyze sports and bring numerous benefits in decision support, forecasting and creating individual training plans. Athletes, coaches and sports organizations always strive for better results and finding ways to optimize training, improve performance and secure a competitive advantage. The ever-present desire to set higher goals, the increased complexity of planned tasks, and the larger volumes of data to be considered have made this task significantly more challenging. Therefore, to make progress and achieve better results, it is necessary to introduce new techniques and methods for analyzing extensive data sets, which should be capable of concluding, creating training plans, optimizing them and adapting to individual needs. This paper aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the application and impact of artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning on sports performance, focusing on various techniques and algorithms used for handling data and their benefits in achieving superior sports results. © 2023 IEEE.